Because exhaled air contains VOCs.
The gas exhaled is 4% to 5% by volume of carbon dioxide, about a 100 fold increase over the inhaled amount. The volume of oxygen is reduced by a small amount, 4% to 5%, compared to the oxygen inhaled.
The typical composition is:
- 5.0–6.3% water vapor
- 74.4% nitrogen
- 13.6–16.0% oxygen
- 4.0–5.3% carbon dioxide
- 1% argon and several parts per million (ppm) of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, 1 ppm of ammonia and less than 1 ppm of acetone, methanol, ethanol and other volatile organic compounds
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